This module provides a comprehensive introduction to optic pathology, covering the anatomy, physiology, and histology of the eye and visual pathways. Learners will understand the role of pathology in diagnosing ocular diseases and gain familiarity with laboratory practices, specimen handling, and diagnostic methodologies used in ophthalmic pathology.

This module focuses on the microscopic structure of ocular tissues and their pathological alterations. Students will learn to identify normal and abnormal histological features and understand tissue-specific disease mechanisms affecting the eye.

Students will study inflammatory and infectious conditions affecting ocular tissues. The module covers bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections, along with immune-mediated disorders and their pathological manifestations.

This module explores diseases affecting the cornea and conjunctiva. Learners will understand degenerative, inflammatory, neoplastic, and hereditary disorders and their impact on vision.

Students will learn about retinal disorders, including vascular, degenerative, inflammatory, and hereditary diseases. Emphasis is placed on correlating pathology findings with clinical manifestations.

This module covers diseases affecting the optic nerve and visual pathways. Learners will study ischemic, inflammatory, hereditary, and neoplastic conditions leading to visual impairment.

This module provides an in-depth understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis, optic nerve damage, and pathological changes associated with elevated intraocular pressure.

Students will explore benign and malignant ocular tumors, their pathology, molecular characteristics, and diagnostic approaches used in ophthalmic oncology.

This module focuses on congenital, hereditary, and developmental disorders affecting ocular structures. Students will learn genetic mechanisms and diagnostic techniques used in pediatric ophthalmic pathology.

This module introduces advanced diagnostic methods used in ophthalmic pathology laboratories. Students will gain practical knowledge of microscopy, immunohistochemistry, molecular diagnostics, and digital pathology.

The final module integrates theoretical knowledge with practical applications through case discussions, research methodology, and clinical-pathological correlation. Students will develop skills necessary for professional practice and academic research.